Donald Trump

Donald John Trump was born on June 14, 1946, in the borough of Queens in New York City, the fourth of five children. His father, Frederick Christ Trump Sr., owned and operated a real estate company called Elizabeth Trump & Son; his mother, Mary Anne MacLeod Trump, was born in Scotland and emigrated to the United States in 1930. The family lived in the Jamaica Estates community of Queens. His brothers were Fred Jr. and Robert, and his sisters were Elizabeth and Maryanne.⁠[1][2]

At age 13 his parents enrolled him in the New York Military Academy in Cornwall, New York, which he attended from 1959 to 1964. He studied at Fordham University in New York City from 1964 to 1966 and then transferred to the University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of PennsylvaniaThe University of Pennsylvania, commonly called Penn, is a private research university and Ivy League member in Philadelphia. It traces its origins to a 1740 charity-school project; Benjamin Franklin proposed his academy in 1749, classes began in 1751, and a 1791 merger established the institution under its present name. Penn has 12 schools, with undergraduate education concentrated in arts and sciences, engineering, nursing and Wharton. Enrollment totaled 29,384 in fall 2025, and the fiscal 2025 endowment was $24.81 billion. As of October 2026, J. Larry Jameson was president, with his term scheduled to end on June 30, 2027.Open the full entry, where he earned a bachelor’s degree in economics through the Wharton SchoolWharton SchoolThe Wharton School is the business school of the University of Pennsylvania. Established through Joseph Wharton’s gift in 1881, it offers undergraduate, MBA, doctoral and executive education.Open the full entry of Finance and Commerce in 1968.⁠[1][3]

After finishing his undergraduate education in 1968 he returned to New York and joined his father’s business, the Trump Organization, full time; he took over the company in 1971 and renamed it in 1973. In 1973 the U.S. Justice Department accused the Trump company of discriminating against African American would-be renters; the company, which did not admit wrongdoing, settled the matter by agreeing to rent more apartments to Black tenants.⁠[1][4]

His first big move, in 1976, was to develop the Grand Hyatt Hotel, for which he received a 40-year abatement of property taxes. In the 1980s he built the 36-story cooperative apartment complex Trump Plaza and Trump Tower on Fifth Avenue (opened 1983), as well as the casinos Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino and Trump Castle in Atlantic City, New JerseyNew JerseyNew Jersey is a state in the eastern United States on the Atlantic Ocean, bordered by New York State, Delaware, and Pennsylvania, with the Hudson River forming its northeastern boundary and the Delaware River its western boundary; its capital is Trenton and its largest city is Newark. One of the original 13 colonies, it became the third state to ratify the U.S. Constitution on December 18, 1787, and its population in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) was 9,288,994.Open the full entry; in 1990 he built the Trump Taj Mahal at a cost of nearly $1 billion.⁠[1][4]

In 1983 he bought the New Jersey Generals, a team in the short-lived U.S. Football League. In 1987 he published the book Trump: The Art of the Deal. In 1989 he bought an East Coast air shuttle service.⁠[4][1]

In June 1990 he missed payments to banks and bondholders, and in 1991 his air shuttle was taken over by USAir. The Trump Taj Mahal filed for bankruptcy protection in 1991 and the Trump Plaza Hotel in 1992; in 2004 Trump Hotels and Casino Resorts, unable to pay its loans, entered bankruptcy protection, and his Atlantic City casino business entered bankruptcy again in 2009 and 2014.⁠[4][1]

In 1996 he partnered with NBCNBCNBC (National Broadcasting Company) is an American national commercial broadcast television network. It was founded by RCA in 1926, began as a radio network and later developed television. With ABC and CBS it is one of the three traditional U.S. broadcast networks; it passed to General Electric with RCA in 1986, merged with Universal to form NBCUniversal in 2004, has been controlled by Comcast since 2011, and is one of the five networks that rotate in the White House television pool.Open the full entry to buy the Miss Universe Organization, and from then until 2015 he was an owner of the Miss USA, Miss Teen USA and Miss Universe pageants. In 2004 the reality television series The Apprentice, in which he starred, premiered on NBC, where it ran until 2015; in 2008 the show was revamped as The Celebrity Apprentice.⁠[4][1]

In 1999 he switched his voter registration from Republican to the Reform Party and set up a presidential exploratory committee; he did not run in 2000, the year he published the book The America We Deserve, and he later rejoined the Republican Party.⁠[5][4]

On June 16, 2015, Trump launched his campaign for the 2016 presidential election at Trump Tower in New York City. The Republican primary field included 17 major candidates; he came in second to Ted Cruz in the first nominating contest, the IowaIowaIowa is a state in the Midwestern United States; its capital and largest city is Des Moines. It was admitted to the Union on December 28, 1846, as the 29th state, and its population in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) was 3,190,369.Open the full entry caucuses, and then won the primaries in New HampshireNew HampshireNew Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States, bordered by Quebec, Canada, to the north, Vermont across the Connecticut River to the west, Massachusetts to the south, and Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east; its capital is Concord. One of the original 13 colonies, it became the ninth state to ratify the U.S. Constitution on June 21, 1788, and its population in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) was 1,377,529.Open the full entry and South CarolinaSouth CarolinaSouth Carolina (officially the State of South Carolina) is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Ocean bordering Georgia and North Carolina; its capital is Columbia and its most populous city is Charleston. One of the original 13 states, it ratified the U.S. Constitution on May 23, 1788, the eighth state to do so. Its population in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) was 5,118,425.Open the full entry.⁠[6][7]

In May 2016 he won the IndianaIndianaIndiana is a state in the Midwestern United States; its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. It was admitted to the Union on December 11, 1816, as the 19th state, and its population in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) was 6,785,528.Open the full entry primary, and his last two rivals, Ted Cruz and John Kasich, dropped out. In July he announced Indiana Governor Mike PenceMike PenceMike Pence (born 1959) is an American politician who served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013, as Governor of Indiana from 2013 to 2017, and as the 48th Vice President of the United States from 2017 to 2021.Open the full entry as his running mate and was officially named the party’s nominee at the Republican National Convention that month.⁠[5][7]

In the election of November 8, 2016, Trump faced the Democratic nominee, Hillary Clinton. The Electoral College vote was 304 for Trump and 227 for Clinton, with seven electors in TexasTexasTexas is a U.S. state in the south-central United States, with its capital at Austin and its largest city Houston. It was admitted to the Union on December 29, 1845, as the 28th state, and the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) counted 29,145,505 residents.Open the full entry, HawaiiHawaiiHawaii is a U.S. state consisting of a group of volcanic islands in the central Pacific Ocean; its capital is Honolulu, on the island of Oʻahu. Hawaii was admitted to the Union on August 21, 1959, as the 50th state. Its population at the 2020 Census (April 1, 2020) was 1,455,271.Open the full entry and Washington casting their presidential votes for other persons; Pence was elected vice president with 305 votes. Clinton received about 2.8 million more popular votes than Trump, who received the votes of more than 62 million Americans.⁠[8][6][4][7]

On January 20, 2017, Trump took the oath of office as the 45th president of the United States. That month he withdrew the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP); he also ordered federal agencies to remove two existing rules for each new one.⁠[2][9][10]

Soon after taking office he signed an executive order barring entry by citizens of Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen and suspending the refugee admissions program for 120 days; the order prompted protests and lawsuits and was later revised, the revised order applying to six Muslim-majority countries.⁠[11][10]

In January 2017 Trump nominated Neil Gorsuch to fill the vacancy on the Supreme Court of the United StatesSupreme Court of the United StatesThe Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court of the U.S. federal judiciary. Established under the Constitution and the Judiciary Act of 1789, it has consisted since 1869 of a Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices and sits in Washington, D.C.Open the full entry left by the death of Justice Antonin Scalia in February 2016; after Senate Republicans removed the traditional 60-vote minimum, Gorsuch was confirmed in April by a vote of 54 to 45. In July 2018, after Justice Anthony Kennedy announced his retirement, Trump nominated Brett KavanaughBrett KavanaughBrett Kavanaugh (born 1965) is an American judge who served on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 2006 to 2018 and has been an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States since 2018.Open the full entry, whom the Senate confirmed in October by a vote of 50 to 48. In September 2020, following the death of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, he nominated Amy Coney Barrett, whom the Senate confirmed one week and one day before the 2020 election.⁠[10][12]

During his first term more than 230 federal judges whom he nominated were confirmed, including 54 judges of the Courts of Appeals.⁠[13]

In June 2017 Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the Paris Agreement to combat climate change. In December 2017 he announced that the United States would recognize Jerusalem as Israel’s capital, and in May 2018 the United States officially opened a new embassy in Jerusalem. Also in May 2018 his administration announced that the United States would withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the 2015 Iran nuclear deal, and in November 2018 it reimposed all the economic sanctions previously in effect on Iran.⁠[14]

In June 2018 Trump met the North Korean leader Kim Jong-un in Singapore, the first time leaders of the two countries had ever met; in 2019 he met Kim again at the Demilitarized Zone and became the first sitting U.S. president to enter North Korea.⁠[14][11]

In April 2017 he authorized cruise missile strikes against a Syrian military airfield. After a drone strike that he ordered killed the Iranian general Qasem Soleimani, Iran fired ballistic missiles at two bases in Iraq that housed U.S. soldiers, without causing deaths; in January 2020 Iran announced that it would no longer observe the restrictions imposed by the JCPOA. In February 2020 Trump officials signed a deal with the Taliban, which led to the full withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan the next year. In August and September 2020 his son-in-law Jared KushnerJared KushnerJared Kushner (Jared Corey Kushner) is an American businessman, investor and political figure, and the founder and chief executive officer of the private investment firm Affinity Partners. He ran his family’s real estate business, Kushner Companies, and bought The New York Observer; from 2017 to 2021 he was a senior adviser in the White House to his father-in-law, Donald Trump, and helped bring about the Abraham Accords. From 2025 he took part in Gaza ceasefire negotiations as an unpaid volunteer, and in February 2026 Trump announced him as an envoy of peace. Potential conflicts of interest between his Gulf sovereign-wealth-fund backing and his diplomatic role have been investigated by congressional Democrats and the media; he and the White House deny them.Open the full entry brokered deals under which the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain would normalize diplomatic relations with Israel, known collectively as the Abraham Accords.⁠[14][11][9]

In May 2017 Trump fired James Comey, the director of the Federal Bureau of InvestigationFederal Bureau of InvestigationThe Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the federal investigative agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. It grew out of a force of special agents organized by Attorney General Charles J. Bonaparte in 1908, has used its present name since 1935 and is headquartered in Washington, D.C.Open the full entry (FBI), whom Barack ObamaBarack ObamaBarack Obama (born 1961) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017, the first African American to hold the office. He was previously an Illinois state senator and a U.S. senator from Illinois, and he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.Open the full entry had appointed to a ten-year term in 2013. Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein then appointed Robert Mueller, a former FBI director, as special counsel to oversee the investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 election. Mueller submitted his final report in March 2019, and Attorney General William Barr released a redacted version on April 18, 2019.⁠[10][11][15]

The report found insufficient evidence that members of the Trump campaign conspired or coordinated with the Russian government; on obstruction of justice it reached no determination and stated: “while this report does not conclude that the President committed a crime, it also does not exonerate him.” Trump had repeatedly dismissed press speculation about the existence of the investigation as “fake news.”⁠[15][10]

In the spring of 2017 congressional Republicans proposed two bills to repeal the Affordable Care Act; the first failed in the House, and a modified version passed the House but failed in the Senate in July. In December 2017 Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, a tax overhaul of about $1.5 trillion that cut rates for corporations and individuals; that month congressional Republicans also eliminated the Affordable Care Act’s individual mandate penalty by revising the tax code.⁠[10][11]

Other legislation he signed in his first term includes the First Step Act on criminal justice reform, the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act on the opioid crisis, the VA Mission Act, Right to Try and the Great American Outdoors Act; he also established the Space Force, the first new branch of the United States Armed Forces since 1947, and vetoed the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 2021.⁠[13]

In January and March 2018 Trump imposed tariffs on imported solar panels, washing machines, and steel and aluminum; in June 2018 he announced plans for tariffs on $50 billion worth of Chinese products. In 2018 the United States, Mexico and Canada reached the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement of 1994, and the Senate approved it by a vote of 89 to 10. Under the Phase One trade agreement China agreed to buy an additional $200 billion of U.S. exports.⁠[9][14][11][13]

In 2018 the Trump administration introduced a policy at the southern border of separating migrant children from their parents, and within six weeks at least 2,300 children had been separated; in June 2018 he signed an executive order reversing the policy. In December 2018 his dispute with Congress over funding for a wall on the southern border led to a partial government shutdown that lasted 35 days, the longest up to that time; Congress agreed to provide $1.375 billion for the wall, far short of the more than $5 billion he wanted, and he then declared a national emergency to fund it. Between 2017 and 2021 the United States built new barriers along more than 450 miles of the border.⁠[10][11]

On July 25, 2019, Trump spoke by telephone with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, and in August a member of the intelligence community filed a complaint with the intelligence community’s inspector general. On December 18, 2019, the House adopted two articles of impeachment in H. Res. 755, approving the abuse of power article by 230 to 197 and the obstruction of Congress article by 229 to 198. Trump asserted that there had been no quid pro quo in the call.⁠[9][11][16]

The Senate convened to try him in January 2020 and acquitted him on February 5: the vote on Article I was 48 guilty to 52 not guilty, and on Article II 47 guilty to 53 not guilty.⁠[17][10]

During the COVID-19 pandemic Trump suspended the entry of foreign nationals who had been in China, Iran or the Schengen Area of Europe within the previous 14 days, established the White House Coronavirus Task Force and appointed Mike Pence to lead the response. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that the outbreak could be characterized as a pandemic, and on March 13 he declared a national emergency. That month he signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, a $2.2 trillion economic relief package.⁠[18][10][11]

His administration launched Operation Warp Speed to speed the development of a vaccine, and vaccines became available at the end of 2020. He notified Congress and the United NationsUnited NationsThe United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations. It has 193 Member States, and its headquarters are in New York City.Open the full entry that the United States would withdraw from the World Health Organization, effective in 2021.⁠[13][10][11]

In the election of November 3, 2020, Trump and Pence faced the Democrats Joe BidenJoe BidenJoe Biden (born 1942) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. He was previously a U.S. senator from Delaware from 1973 to 2009 and the 47th vice president, under Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2017.Open the full entry and Kamala HarrisKamala HarrisKamala Harris (born 1964) is an American politician and lawyer who served as Attorney General of California from 2011 to 2017, as a U.S. senator from 2017 to 2021, and as the 49th Vice President of the United States from 2021 to 2025.Open the full entry. On November 7 the Associated PressAssociated PressThe Associated Press is a cooperative news agency headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1846, it is the oldest and largest news agency in the United States.Open the full entry and the major news networks declared Biden the winner; the Electoral College met on December 14 and gave Biden 306 votes and Trump 232. Biden received about 81 million popular votes and Trump about 74 million; Biden’s margin was more than 7 million votes, or 4.4 percent of more than 155 million votes cast.⁠[19][20][6]

Trump and his campaign filed approximately 60 lawsuits, in only one of which a court sided with him; the Supreme Court rejected a case brought by Texas and 17 other states. Trump never conceded to Biden.⁠[6][11]

On January 6, 2021, Congress met in joint session, with Pence presiding, to count the electoral votes. That day Trump supporters assembled in Washington, D.C., for an event known as the “Stop the Steal” rally, which Trump addressed; a crowd of Trump supporters then forced its way into the Capitol, and more than a hundred police officers were injured. Objections to the electoral votes of ArizonaArizonaArizona is a state in the southwestern United States; its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona was admitted to the Union on February 14, 1912, as the 48th state. Its population at the 2020 Census (April 1, 2020) was 7,151,502.Open the full entry and PennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaPennsylvania (officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania) is a Middle Atlantic state of the United States; its capital is Harrisburg, and Philadelphia and Pittsburgh are its two great metropolitan areas. One of the original 13 states, it ratified the U.S. Constitution on December 12, 1787, the second state to do so. Its population in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) was 13,002,700.Open the full entry were not sustained by either chamber, and the results were certified at 3:44 a.m. on January 7.⁠[6][20]

On January 13, 2021, the House adopted one article of impeachment, for incitement of insurrection, in H. Res. 24 by a vote of 232 to 197, with 10 Republicans voting in favor. The Senate trial began on February 9, 2021; an effort by Senate Republicans to dismiss the charge on the ground that Trump was no longer president failed 55 to 45, and on February 13 the Senate acquitted him, the 57 votes of guilty falling short of the required two-thirds majority (67 votes).⁠[10][16]

On the morning of January 20, 2021, Trump left the White House without attending Joe Biden’s inauguration, becoming the first president since 1869 to skip his successor’s inauguration. In the fall of 2020 he had formally changed his residency to FloridaFloridaFlorida is a U.S. state occupying mainly the Florida peninsula, with its capital at Tallahassee; its most populous city is Jacksonville. It entered the Union on March 3, 1845, as the 27th state, and had a population of 21,538,187 in the 2020 census (April 1, 2020).Open the full entry. He is the founder of Truth Social.⁠[11][2][3]

Soon after the congressional midterm elections of November 2022, Trump announced his candidacy for the 2024 Republican presidential nomination. In January 2024 he won the Republican Iowa caucus; in March the Supreme Court, in Trump v. Anderson, overturned a Colorado Supreme Court ruling that had removed him from the state’s Republican primary ballot under Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment; and by March 12 he had accumulated enough delegates to win the nomination.⁠[21]

On July 13, 2024, Trump was injured in an assassination attempt while speaking at a campaign rally in Pennsylvania; a person attending the rally and the shooter were killed. Two days later the Republican National Convention opened in Milwaukee, WisconsinWisconsinWisconsin is a state in the north-central United States; its capital is Madison and its largest city is Milwaukee. Wisconsin was admitted to the Union on May 29, 1848, as the 30th state, and the 2020 census (April 1, 2020) counted 5,893,718 residents.Open the full entry, where he officially became the party’s presidential nominee, and on its opening day he selected Ohio Senator JD VanceJD VanceJD Vance (born 1984) is an American politician and author, a Republican who served as a U.S. senator from Ohio and has been the 50th vice president of the United States since 2025.Open the full entry as his running mate. On July 21 Joe Biden announced his withdrawal from the race and endorsed Kamala Harris as the Democratic nominee.⁠[21][22]

On April 4, 2023, Trump was arraigned in Manhattan and pleaded not guilty to 34 felony counts of falsifying business records, and on May 30, 2024, a jury found him guilty on all 34 counts. On January 9, 2025, the Supreme Court declined by a vote of 5 to 4 to delay the sentencing, and on January 10 Judge Juan M. Merchan sentenced him to an unconditional discharge, with no jail term or fine. Trump denies wrongdoing and wrote, “I never falsified business records”; his lawyer said that he intended to appeal.⁠[23][24][25]

In May 2023 a jury in a civil case brought by E. Jean Carroll found Trump liable for sexual abuse and defamation and awarded her $5 million; on January 26, 2024, the jury in a second defamation trial ordered him to pay an additional $83.3 million. On June 29, 2026, the Supreme Court declined to take up Trump’s appeal of the verdict in the first case; Trump has denied Carroll’s allegations.⁠[26][27]

A federal indictment unsealed in June 2023 charged Trump with 37 felony counts related to his retention of national defense documents and related conduct, and he pleaded not guilty; in July 2024 Judge Aileen Cannon dismissed the indictment after finding the appointment of special counsel Jack SmithJack Smith (special counsel)Jack Smith is an American prosecutor who served as chief of the U.S. Justice Department’s Public Integrity Section and as Specialist Prosecutor of the Kosovo Specialist Prosecutor’s Office; he was appointed a Justice Department special counsel on November 18, 2022, and concluded that work in January 2025.Open the full entry illegitimate. In a separate federal case concerning the 2020 election he pleaded not guilty in August 2023 to four charges; in July 2024 the Supreme Court held in Trump v. United States that former presidents have absolute immunity from criminal prosecution for acts within their core constitutional powers and presumptive immunity for other official acts. On November 25, 2024, at Smith’s request, Judge Tanya Chutkan dismissed the election case without prejudice, and Smith also moved to drop his appeal of the classified-documents dismissal as it related to Trump.⁠[28][21][29][30]

In August 2023 Fani Willis, the district attorney of Fulton County, Georgia, announced the indictment of Trump and 18 others; on November 26, 2025, after Pete Skandalakis, the prosecutor who had taken over the case, said he would not pursue the charges, Judge Scott McAfee dismissed the case in its entirety. In a social media post Trump called the case a “Witch Hunt.”⁠[31]

In 2024 a New York judge, in a civil fraud lawsuit brought by state Attorney General Letitia James, ordered Trump to pay a penalty of $355 million; on August 21, 2025, a five-judge panel of the state’s Appellate Division upheld the fraud finding but threw out the monetary penalty in its entirety. Trump and his co-defendants denied wrongdoing.⁠[32]

In the election of November 5, 2024, Trump and JD Vance defeated the Democrats Kamala Harris and Tim Walz, winning the Electoral College by 312 votes to 226; in the popular vote Trump received 77,302,580 votes (49.80 percent) and Harris 75,017,613 (48.32 percent). He is the second U.S. president to serve nonconsecutive terms, after Grover ClevelandGrover ClevelandGrover Cleveland (1837–1908) was an American politician and Democrat who served as President of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897, as the 22nd and 24th president, the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms.Open the full entry.⁠[33][34][2][21][3]

On January 20, 2025, Trump took the oath of office for the second time. The executive orders he signed that day included Executive Order 14148, “Initial Rescissions of Harmful Executive Orders and Actions”; 14155, “Withdrawing the United States From the World Health Organization”; 14156, “Declaring a National Energy Emergency”; 14158, “Establishing and Implementing the President’s ‘Department of Government Efficiency’”; 14160, “Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship”; 14162, “Putting America First in International Environmental Agreements”; 14165, “Securing Our Borders”; and 14172, “Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness.” He signed 225 executive orders in 2025, numbered 14147 through 14371.⁠[2][35]

Also on January 20, 2025, he signed Proclamation 10887, which commuted to time served the sentences of 14 persons convicted in connection with the events at the Capitol on January 6, 2021, and granted a full, complete and unconditional pardon to all others convicted of offenses related to those events. His executive order on birthright citizenship would deny citizenship to U.S.-born children of people who are in the country illegally; the Supreme Court heard oral arguments on May 15, 2025, and ruled on June 27 that individual judges lack the authority to grant nationwide injunctions, leaving the fate of the order unresolved.⁠[36][37]

On February 1, 2025, Trump signed Executive Orders 14193, “Imposing Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border”; 14194, “Imposing Duties To Address the Situation at Our Southern Border”; and 14195, “Imposing Duties To Address the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China.” Shortly after taking office he imposed a 25 percent duty on most Canadian and Mexican imports and a 10 percent duty on most Chinese imports. On April 2 he signed Executive Order 14257, “Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits.”⁠[35][38]

The Supreme Court heard argument in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump on November 5, 2025, and ruled 6–3 on February 20, 2026, that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) of 1977 does not authorize the president to impose tariffs. That day Trump signed a proclamation imposing a global tariff of 10 percent, and on February 21 he announced that he would raise the rate to 15 percent, the upper limit allowed under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974; tariffs under that section can last only 150 days without congressional approval.⁠[38][39][40]

Other executive orders he signed in 2025 include Executive Order 14224, “Designating English as the Official Language of the United States” (March 1); 14242, “Improving Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and Communities” (March 20); 14248, “Preserving and Protecting the Integrity of American Elections” (March 25); 14290, “Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Biased Media” (May 1); and 14347, “Restoring the United States Department of War” (September 5).⁠[35]

In June 2025, after federal immigration raids in Los Angeles led to protests, Trump ordered roughly 4,000 National Guard troops and 700 Marines to the city.⁠[41]

On June 21, 2025, Trump announced that U.S. forces had struck three Iranian nuclear sites, Fordo, Natanz and Isfahan; the strikes followed more than a week of Israeli strikes on Iran.⁠[42]

From early September 2025 the U.S. military carried out strikes in the Caribbean Sea and the eastern Pacific Ocean on boats alleged to be smuggling drugs; by December 31, 2025, there had been 35 known strikes, in which at least 115 people were killed. On January 3, 2026, the U.S. military captured Venezuela’s president, Nicolás Maduro, and his wife, Cilia Flores, in Caracas; on January 5 the two appeared in a federal court in New York City and pleaded not guilty to all charges.⁠[43][44][45]

On February 28, 2026, the United States and Israel began strikes on Iran, the U.S. operation being named “Operation Epic Fury”; that day Trump announced that Iran’s Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei, was dead, which Iranian state media later confirmed. Iran carried out retaliatory strikes on U.S. and Israeli targets in the region and closed the Strait of Hormuz by targeting ships. On June 17, 2026, Trump and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian signed a “Memorandum of Understanding” that declared the immediate reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and provided for negotiating a final nuclear deal within a maximum of 60 days.⁠[46][47][42]

On July 4, 2025, Trump signed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act at a ceremony on the South Lawn of the White House; the House had passed the bill a day earlier by a vote of 218 to 214. The law makes his 2017 tax cuts permanent and funds immigration enforcement; a nonpartisan analysis predicted that it would add more than $3 trillion to the nation’s $36.2 trillion debt.⁠[48]

On November 19, 2025, Trump signed the Epstein Files Transparency Act, which the House had passed by a vote of 427 to 1 and the Senate had approved unanimously. Other laws he signed in his second term include the Laken Riley Act, the HALT Fentanyl Act, the Secure America Act and the Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act.⁠[49][50]

As of November 2026 the White House website lists Donald J. Trump as the 45th and 47th president of the United States and JD Vance as vice president.⁠[51][52]

Trump has been married three times: to Ivana Trump from April 9, 1977, to March 22, 1992; to Marla Maples from December 20, 1993, to June 8, 1999; and to Melania Trump since January 22, 2005. He has five children: Donald Jr. (born 1977), Ivanka (born 1981), Eric (born 1984), Tiffany (born 1993) and Barron (born 2006), and 11 grandchildren.⁠[3][53][52]

Besides the two titles mentioned above, books published under his name include Trump: Surviving at the Top (1990), Trump: The Art of the Comeback (1997), Trump: How to Get Rich (2004), Trump: Think Like a Billionaire (2004), Why We Want You to Be Rich (2006), Trump 101: The Way to Success (2006), Trump Never Give Up (2008), Think Like a Champion (2009), Time to Get Tough: Making America #1 Again (2011) and Crippled America: How to Make America Great Again (2015).⁠[3][4]

The White House: Official website: https://www.whitehouse.gov/ (opens in a new window).⁠[52]

Trump White House Archives: Official website: https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/ (opens in a new window).⁠[7]